Influenza
Influenza, kamanli nuo az "di fluu", a wah infekshos diziiz kaaz bai wah influenza vairos.[1] Simtom kiah bi mail tu sivier.[2] Di muos kaman simtom ingkluud: ai fiiva, ronin nuoz, suo chuot, mosl pien, ediek, kaafin, ah fiilin tayad. Demaya simtom tipikali bigin tuu die afta expuoja tu di vairos ah muos laas les dan a wiik. Di kaaf, ousomeba, kiah laas fi muo dah tuu wiik.[1] Ina pitni, deh kiah ab naaja ah vamitin, bot demaya no kaman ina adolt. Naaja ah vamitin okor muo kamanli ina di anrilietid infekshan giaschoentaraitis, we sohtaim inakiuretli refa tu az "tomok fluu" ar "24-howa fluu".[3] Komplikieshan a influenza kiah ingkluud vairal nyuumuonia, sekanderi baktiirial nyuumuonia, sainos infekshan, ah priivos elt prablem laka azma ar aat fielia get wosara.[2][4]
Chrii taip a influenza vairos afek piipl. Deh kaal Taip A, Taip B, ah Taip C.[4] Yuujali, di vairos pred chuu di ier frah kaaf ar siniiz.[1] Dis biliiv fi okor muosli uoba relitivli shaat distans.[5] Ikiah aalso pred ef smadi toch soerfis kantaminiet bai di vairos ah den toch deh mout ar yaidem.[2][5] A poersn kiah bi infekshos tu ada wandem buot bifuo ah juurin di taim wen dem a-shuo simtom.[2] Di hinfekshan kiah kanfoerm bai tesin di chuot, spyuutom, ar nuoz fi di vairos. Wah nomba a rapid tes avielebl; ousomeba, piipl kiah stil ab di infekshan iibm ef di rizolt negitiv. Wah taip a palimariez chien riakshan we ditek di vairos RNA muo akiuret.[4]
Friikuent an washin rijuus di rix a infekshan bikaa di vairos inaktiviet bai suop.[6] Fi wier soerjikal maax aalso yuusful.[6] Ierli vaxinieshan gens influenza rikomen bai di Wol Elt Aaganizieshan fi demde we ab ai rix. Di vaxiin yuujali ifektiv gens chrii ar fuo taip a influenza.[1] Iyuujali talariet wel. Vaxiin we mek fi wan ier maita no yuusful agen ina di falarin ier, sens di vairos ivalv pah di rapid. Antivairal jogz laka di nyuuraminidiez inibita oseltamivir, mongx adawandem, eh-yuuz fi chriit influenza.[1] Deh benifit ina demde uu adawaiz elti no apier fi bi grieta dah deh rix.[7] No benifit no fain fi demde wid ada elt prablem.[7][8]
Influenza pred rong di wol ina ierli outbriek, we rizolt ina bout chrii tu faib milian kies a sivier ilnis ah bout 250,000 tu 500,000 det.[1] Ina di Nadan ah Sodan paat a di wol outbriek okor mienli ina winta wails ina ieria rong di ikwieta outbriek kiah okor a heni taim a di ier.[1] Det okor muosli ina di yong, di uol ah demde wid adaels elt prablem.[1] Laaja outbriek nuo az pandemik les friikuent.[4] Ina di 20t senchri chrii influenza pandemik eh-okor: Panish influenza ina 1918, Iejan influenza ina 1958, ah Ang Kang influenza ina 1968, wid iich wan rizolt ina muo dah milian det.[9] Di Wol Elt Aaganizieshan diklier outbriek a wah nyuu taip a influenza A/H1N1 az pandemik ina Juun 2009.[10] Influenza kiah aalso afek adaels animal, ingkluudn ag, aas ah bod.[11]
Sain ah simtom
change up| Simtom: | sensitiviti | spisifisiti |
|---|---|---|
| Fiiva | 68–86% | 25–73% |
| Kaaf | 84–98% | 7–29% |
| Niezal kanjeshan | 68–91% | 19–41% |
| ||
Apraximetli 33% a piipl wid influenza deh asimtomatik.[14]
Simtom a influenza kiah taat kwait sodn wan tu tuu die afta infekshan. Yuujali di fos simtom a chil ar chili sensieshan, bot fiiva aalso kaman hoerli ina di infekshan, wid badi tempicha rienj frah 38 tu 39 °C (aproximetli 100 tu 103 °F). Nof piipl so sik tel deh kanfain tu bed fi sebral die, wid iek and pien raichuu deh badi, wosara ina deh bak ah leg. Simtom a influenza kiah ingkluud:
- Fiiva ah exchriim kuolnis (chil shivarin, shiekin (riga))
- Kaaf
- Niezal kanjeshan
- Ronin nuoz
- Siniizin
- Badi iek, espeshali jaint ah chuot
- Fatiig
- Ediek
- Iritietid, waatarin yaidem
- Redn yai, kin (espeshali fies), mout, chuot ah nuoz
- Petechial rash[15]
- Ina pitni, giaschointestinal simtom laka dayariya ah abdaminal pien,[16][17] (maita sivier ina pitni wid influenza B)[18]
Ikiah difikolt fi distingguish bitwiin die kaman kuol ah influenza ina di hoerli stiej a demaya infekshan,[19] bot a fluu kiah bi aidentifai bai ai fiiva wid a sodn anset ah exchriim fatiig. Influenza a wah mixcha a simtom a kaman kuol ah nyuumuonia, badi iek, ediek, ah fatiig. Dayariya a no naamali a simtom a influenza ina adolt,[12] alduo ifain ina som yuuman kies a di H5N1 "bod fluu"[20] ah kiah bi a simtom ina pitni.[16] Di muos rilayabl simtom fi influenza shuo ina di tiebl tu di rait.[12]
Sens antivairal jogz ifectiv fi chriit influenza ef di poersn geti hoerli, ikiah bi impuotant fi aidentifai kies hoerli. Outa di simtom lisout opatap, di kombinieshan a fiiva wid kaaf, suo chuot an/ar niezal kanjeshan kiah impruuv dayagnastik akiuresi.[21] Tuu disijan analisis todi[22][23] sojes se dat juurin luokal outbriek a influenza, di privalens wi bi uoba 70%,[23] ah so pieshent wid heni a demaya kombinieshan a simtom kiah chriit wid nyuuraminidiez inibita widoutn tes. Iibm ina di absens a luokal outbriek, chriitment kiah jostifai ina di eldali juurin di influenza siizn az lang az di privalens a uoba 15%.[23]
Di avielebl labrichri tesdem fi influenza kantiniu fi impruuv. Di Yunaitid Stiet Senta fi Diziiz Kanchuol ah Privenshan (CDC) mentien wah op-tu-diet somari a avielebl labrichri tes.[24] Askaadin tu di CDC, rapid dayagnastik tes ab a sensitiviti a 50–75% ah spisifisiti a 90–95% wen kompier wid vairal kolcha.[25] Demaya tes maita espeshali yuusful juurin di influenza siizn (privalens=25%) bot ina di absens a luokal outbriek, ar peri-influenza siizn (privalens=10%[23]).
Okiejanali, influenza kiah kaaz sivier ilnis ingkluudn praimri vairal nyuumuonia ar sekanderi baktiirial nyuumuonia.[26][27] Di abvios simtom a chobl wid briidin. Adishanali, ef a pitni (ar prizyuumebli wah adolt) siim fi a-get beta ah den rilaps wid ai fiiva, dat a dienja sain sens dis rilaps kiah bi baktiirial nyuumuonia.[28]
