Yunaitid Stiet
| Yunaitid Stiet a Amoerka United States of America | |||
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| The Star-Spangled Banner | |||
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| Jinaral Infamieshan | |||
| Kiapital: | Washintan D.C. | ||
| Ofishal langwij: | Non a di fedaral lebl | ||
| Adminischrieshan | |||
| Govament: | Fedaral prezidenshal kanstityuushanal ripoblik | ||
| • Prezident: | Joe Biden | ||
| • Vais Prezident: | Kamala Harris | ||
| Ieria: | 9 371 174 km² | ||
| Papilieshan: | 316 017 000 | ||
| Densiti: | 34.2 | ||
| Adaels sitn | |||
| Koransi: | Yunaitid Stiet dala ($) (USD) | ||
| Kaalin kuod: | +1 | ||
| ISO 3166 kuod: | 840 / USA / US | ||
| Intanet TLD: | .us, .gov, .mil ahn .edu | ||
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Di Yunaitid Stiet a Amoerka (kamanli refa tu az di Yunaitid Stiet, di U.S., di USA, ar Moerka) a wah fedaral kanstitiushanal ripoblik kampraiz a fifti stiet, wahn fedaral dischrik ahn 16 terichries. Di konchri sitiet muosli ina senchral Naat Amoerka, we i faati-iet kantigyuos stiet ahn Washintan D.C. di kiapital distrik, de bitwiin di Pasifik ahn hAtlantik Uoshan, buoda bai Kianada tu di naat ahn Mexiko tu di sout. Di stiet a hAlaska de ina di naatwes a di kantinent, wid Kianada tui hiis ahn Rosha tu di wes kraas di Bierin Schriet. Di stiet a Awayi a wahn haachipelago ina di migl-Pasifik. Di konchri haalso pozes sebral teritori, ar insiula yeria, kyata-kyata roun di Kyaribiyan ahn Pasifik. Di U.S. a di toerd-laajis konchri baka Rosha ah Kianada wid a ieria a 9,826,675 skwier kilamita, ah av di toerd aies papilieshan ina di woerl.[1] Dem a wahn a di muos rieshali, etnikali ahn kolchrali daivers konchri dem ina di woerl kaazn seh uol iip a piipl maigriet frah difran-difran konchri go liv de.[2] Di jaagrafi ah klaimit a di Yunaitid Stiet wel-daivers tu so di konchri av nof-nof viraiati a wail-laif.
Di Pielo-Indian dem weh maigriet frah Yuurieja tu di mienlan Yunaitid Stiet rong 15,000 yier nong ah Yuropian kolonaizieshan staat ina di 16t senchri. Di Yunaitid Stiet staat out wid 13 British koloni pah di iis kuos. Deh weh av soh ranglinz wid di British ahn a dat weh caaz di Amoerkan Rivaluushan. Pah Julai 4, 1776, wen di koloni deh weh a fait ina di Amoerkan Rivaluushineri Waar, di deliget deh frah di 13 koloni dem yuunanimosli adap di deklarieshan a indipendens. Di waar weh don ina 1783 ah di British dem rekagnaiz di indipendens a di Yunaitid Stiet, di fos soksesful waar fi indipendens gens wah Yuuropian koluonial empaya. Di Yunaitid Stiet adap di kanstitiushan pah Setemba 7, 1787 ah di stiet deh ratifai ih ina 1788. Di fos ten amenment dem, nuon tugeda az di Bil a Raits, weh ratifai ina 1791 ah weh dizain fi gyarantii nof a di fondamental sivl raits ah libati dem.
Di Yunaitid Stiet weh biliiv ina di dakchrin a Manifes Destini, wah biliif se di sekla dem weh destin fi pred-out aal uova Naat Amoerka, so ina di 19t senchri deh shub-out nof-nof a di Amoerkan Indian chraib dem so deh kuda kliem nyuu terichri ah tek iin nyuu stiet. Bai 1948 deh weh pred-out aal uova di kantinent.[3] Rung di sekan aaf a di 19t senchri, di Amoerkan Sivl Waar caaz slievri fi don ina di konchri[4] ah bai di 19t senchri fi don, deh weh pred-out az faar az di Pasifik Uoshan.[5] Deh taim ya di ikanami weh a gwaan gud mienli bikaaz a di Indoschrial Rivaluushan. Di Panish-Amoerkan Waar ah Woerl Waar I put di Yunaitid Stiet pah tap az wa gluobal militeri powa ah afta Woerl Waar II di wuol woerl rakagnaiz dem az a suupapowa. Dis a weh caaz deh weh a di ongl konchri fi divilop nyuklier wepan ah yuuz dem fi fait war, ah deh weh a poermanent memba a di Yunaitid Nieshan Sikioriti Kounsl. Wen di Kuol Waar weh don ah di Suoviet Yunian weh mash-op ina 1991, di Yunaitid Stiet kum out az di ongl suupapowa ina di woerl.[6]
Di Yunaitid Stiet a we deh kaal divelop konchri so dat miin tu se dem a wa ai hinkom konchri. Dem av di laajis nashinal ikanami ina di woerl bies aafa naminal ah riil GDP - 23% a woerl GDP. Disya diraiv frah di wol iip a nachral risuos we deh gat, ah deh ai lieba prodoktiviti.[7] Iivn duo deh kansida az puos-indoschrial, deh stil du nof-nof manifakcharin ahn a wan a di laajis manifakchara ina di woerl. Dem alsuo a di laajis militeri powa ina di woerl, siin az deh akount fi wola 34% a gluobal militeri spending. So, deh av di biges militeri ah ikanami, deh lob pred deh palitix aal bout, deh kolcha laaj aal uova di woerl, ah deh elp divelop nof-nof sayantifik ah teknalajikal inavieshan.[8]
Etimalaji
change upIna 1507 wah Joerman kaatagrafa niem Martin Waldseemuller weh mek wah woerl map ah pah dat de map, im weh kaal aal a di lan dem ina di Westoern Emisfier Amoerka aafa wah Italiyan kaatagrafa niem Amerigo Vespucci. Di fos dakiment we shuo evidens a di friez Yunaitid Stiet a Merika a wah leta we diet Janiweri 2, 1776 we Jaaj Washintan sekitri ah Muster-Master Jinaral a di Kantinental Aami, Stephen Moylan, weh rait tu Joseph Reed, ah wena aks im fi "kyar ih ful ah ampl powaz a di Yunaitid Stiet a Moerka" go Spien go elp dem ina di rivaluushineri waar.[9]
Di fos nuon poblikieshan a Yunaitid Stiet a Merika a wehn ina wahn ananimos ese we diet Iepril 6, 1776 ina The Virginia Gazette nyuuzpiepa ina Williamsburg, Voerjinia. Afta dat, di sekan draaf a di hAatikl a Kanfedarieshan we wehn finish rait bai Juun 17, 1776, stiet se "Dis kanfedarieshan a go niem Yunaitid Stiet a Merika".[10] Di fainal voerjan a di hArtikl dem we wehn sen fi aal a di stiet dem ratifai ih ina 1777 av wahn sentans we seh "Di stail a dis kanfedaresi a go bi Di Yunaitid Stiet a Merika".[11] Ina Juun 1776, Tamas Jefasn wehn rait di friez "YUNAITID STIET A MERIKA" ina kyapital leta ina di edlain a im orijinal draaf a di Deklarieshan a Indipendans.[12] Ina di fainal Fourt a Julai voerjan a di Deklarieshan, di taikl weh chienj tu, "Di yuunanimos Deklarieshan a di toertiin yuniatid Stiet a Merika"[13] ahn di priambl a di Kanstityuushan stiet se "...establish disya Kanstityuushan fi di Yunaitid Stiet a Merika".
Di shaat friez "Yunaitid Stiet" a wah nex standaad we yuuz. Deh av kopl adaels wie fi kaal dem inkluudn "U.S.", "USA" ah "Moerka". Deh aalsuo av soh koluokwial wie fi rifa tu dem, laik "U.S. av A" ah "di Stiets". Ina di liet 1700z, Kolombia a weh wa papila niem fi rifa to dem ina puoichri ah sang. Dis weh arijiniet frah Kristifa Kolombos; a so it koh fi ina "Dischrik a Kolombia".[14]
Di friez "Yunaitid Stiet" weh arijinali pluural siin az a so deh yuuz tu diskraib di kalekshan a indipendant stiet dem, inkuudn di Toertiint Aminment a di Yunaitid Stiet Kanstityuushan we weh ratifai ina 1865. Di singila faam weh bikom papila afta di Amoerkan Sivl Waar ahn ih stil a di standaad tu tide die.
Wah sitizvn a di Yunaitid Stiet rifa tu az Moerkan aar Amoerkan. Wen piipl yuuz di toerm "Moerkan" it almuos aalwiez yuuz fi rifa to di Yunaitid Stiet - weda di konchri, di piipl aar di kolcha.
Ischri
change upIndijinos Piipl ah Yuuropiyan Kantak
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Aal evidens weh sojes se di fos piipl dem we weh liv ina di U.S. weh maigriet frah Saibiira chruu di Biering lan brij rong 15,000 yier abak, bot dat kaina doutful ya nong. Nyuu evidens sojes se piipl weh liv de lang bifuor dat.[15] Som a dem, laik di prii-Kolombiyan Misisipiyan kolcha, weh divelop advaans agrikolcha, aakitekcha ah stiet-levl sosaiati. Demya piipl we di Yuuropiyan dem weh koh si a di Nietiv Amoerkanz. Dem laif weh chienj nof-nof afta di Panish Kangkuistaduor dem mek fos kantak. Afta dat, di British dem dih kom ah di indijinos papilieshan staat fi diklain, mienli frah diziiz laik smaalpax ah miizl, ah frah vailens bitwiin dem ah ada traib az wel az frah di sekla dem.[16] Az fi di diziiz dem we elp kilaaf nof a di indijinos piipl dem, som istuorian biliiv se di British dem weh wilfuli elp mek spred smaalpax mongks di indijinos piipl dem dyuurin wana di opraizin dem (nuon az Pontiak upraizin a 1763) we di Nietiv Amoerkan dem staat gens di British.[17] Az fi di stiet a Awayi, sayantis biliiv di indijinos piipl dem riich de roun 1AD frah Paliniija. Afta Kyaptin Jiems Kuk riich Awayi ina 1778, kantak weh mek ina 1790.[18] Di fos ship we dak weh araiv ina Oahu.
Ina di oerli diez a kolonaizieshan di Yuuropiyan sekla dem weh fies nof fuud shaatij, diziiz ah atak frah di Nietiv dem. Di Nietiv dem yuuz to waar wid difrah-difrah Nietiv chraib ah som a dem weh faam alaians wid di Yuuropiyan sekla dem ina deh koluonial waar.[19] Som istuoriyan kliem se dispait aal a dat, di Nietiv ah di sekla dem weh koh fi dipen pah deh wananeda. Di sekla deh chried fuud ah animal pelt wid di Nietiv dem fi gon, aminishan ah adaels Yuuropiyan sinting.[20] Di Nietiv dem weh tiich di sekla dem wich paat, wen ah ow fi koltiviet kaan, biin ah skuash. Di Yuuropiyan mishineri dem (ah di sekla dem in jinaral) weh fiil se di Nietiv dem weh ansivilaiz so deh weh fiil tu se deh fi "sivilaiz" dem so dem weh chrai fuos dem fi adap Yuuropiyan agrikolchral tekniik ah laifstail.[21]
Di Yuuropiyan Sekla-dem
change upWen Kristifa Kolombos fos siel out fi fain di Niuu Wol ina 1492, soh ada ekspluora did fala ahn sekl ina Flarida ahn di sout-wes paat a di U.S. Di French dem did chrai fi kolonaiz di iis kuos fos, ahn dehn di Misisipi Riva. Di British dem did av muor sokses dan di French pon di iis kuos ahn kolonaiz Voerjinia Koloni fos ina 1607, ahn den di Pilgrimz Plimot Koloni ina 1620. Nof a di sekla-dem a wehn Kristian piipl oo wehn brok we frah di Choch a Ingglan ahn wehna luk somwe fi liv we dem kuda praktis-dem rilijan az dem laik widout afi a wori bout di stiet a chrai poersikyuut dem. Disya gruup a piipl ya kamanli nuon as di Pilgrimz ahn a dem wehn sain di Mayflower Compact - di fos govanin dakiment we elp establish di patan a govament we lieta divilop ina aal a di koloni-dem. Disya taip a govament bies aaafa riprizentitiv self-govanans ahn kanstityuushanalizim,[22]
Muos a di sekla-dem a wehn smaal faama uu gruo kyash krap laik tubako, rais ahn wiit. Ada indoschri wehn divilop lietaraan, laik for, fishn, lomba, rom, ship ahn aian. Nof siti dih staat spring op pah di kuoslain-dem fi sopuot di luokal ikanimi-dem ahn promuot chried. Afta dat, nof ada Yuuropian gruup wehn kom, muosly frah Skatlan ahn Airilan oo wehn kom as indencha soervant fi koltiviet di kyash krap-dem. Dat wehn mek di kuostal lan-dem staat get dier, so wen di indencha soervant dem get dem friidom-dem weh afi muuv furda west fi bi iebl fi afuord ih. Wid di indencha soervant-dem frii, di Brtitish kolonis-dem wehn niid muor lieba fi du di woerk. A so dem wehn staat fi bring iin di Afrika-dem fi du sliev lieba, we wi nou kaal di Atlantik Sliev Chried.[23]
Indipendans
change upDi Amoerkan Revaluushaneri Waar a wehn di fos soksesful koluonial waar fi indipendans gens wahn Yuuropiyan powa. Di Amoerkan piipl dem wehn divilop di biliif a Ripoblikanizim we miin seh govament fi kyari out di wil a di piipl bies aafa deh expreshan ina di luokal lejisliecha dem. Dem wena dimaanz se "nuo taxieshan widoutn riprizentieshan". Di British dem weh waa uol aan tu powa an a so di waar weh staat.[24] Deh Vuot pa wah rezaluushan fi diklier di koloni dem indipendant a di British dem. Disya rezaluushan niem di Lii Rezaluushan (aafa di man we propuoz ih tu kangres, Richaad Enri Lii) ahn ih paas pah Julai 2, 1776. Kangres adap di deklarieshan a indipendans pah Julai 4, 1776 wid wah langeva priambl we se ou yuumaniti weh mek iikual wid raits we nobadi kyaa tek frah dem, ah ow di British dem neenda protek demde raits. Di priambl en wid dem a diklier se di toertiin koloni dem a weh nou indipendant stiets ah no av no aliijans to di British kroun ina di Yunaitid Stiet. Di haartikl a kanfedarieshan establish wah piisa govament ina 1777 an ih apariet til 1789. Op tu tide die ya deh selibriet Julai 4 az indipendans die.
Sivl Waar ah Riikanschrokshan Iira
change upIndoschrialaizieshan
change upWoerl Waar I, Di Griet Dipreshan ah Woerl Waar II
change upKuol Waar ah Sivl Raits Iira
change upKantempareri Ischri
change upJaagrafi
change upKlaimit
change upInvairament
change upDemagrafi
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Papilieshan
change upLanguij
change upRilijan
change upFambili Schroksha
change upGovament ah Palitix
change upPalitikal Divijan
change upPaati ah Ilekshan
change upFarin Rilieshan
change upGovament Finans
change upMiliteri
change upLaa Infuosment ah Kraim
change upIkanami
change upInkom, Pavati ah Welt
change upEdikieshan
change upKolcha
change upFuud
change upLichicha, Filasafi ahn di Aats
change upMyuuzik
change upMuuvi
change upSpuots
change upMiidia
change upInfaschroksha
change upChanspotieshan
change upEnaji
change upWaata ah Sanitieshan
change upSayans ah Teknalaji
change upElt
change upAdaels Sitn
change upRefrans
change up- ↑ "United States", The CIA World Factbook. Archived 2007-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ All Roads Lead to the American City
- ↑ "Manifest Destiny and the Expansion of America"
- ↑ "The Civil War and Emancipation", PBS Website.
- ↑ "The American Century"
- ↑ "Encyclopedia of United States National Security", Google Books.
- ↑ "U.S. Workers World's Most Productive", CBS News.
- ↑ "United States of America country profile", BBC News.
- ↑ "Who coined 'United States of America'? Mystery might have intriguing answer.", The Christian Science Monitor.
- ↑ "On Language; Name That Nation".
- ↑ "The Threat of Anarchy Leads to the Constitution of the United States", Mostert, M.
- ↑ "Jefferson’s “original Rough draught” of the Declaration of Independence", Archives.
- ↑ "The Charters of Freedom: A New World is at Hand", Archives.gov.
- ↑ "Washington State Place Names", Google Books.
- ↑ "Who was first? New info on North America's earliest residents", LA Times.
- ↑ "How the European conquest affected Native Americans", Phys.Org.
- ↑ "Colonial Germ Warfare", Gill Jr., Harold B. Archived 2020-03-05 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Ethnocultural Perspectives on Disaster and Trauma: Foundations, Issues, and Applications", Google Books.
- ↑ "Wicked Puritans of Essex County", Juergens, T.
- ↑ "American Stories: To 1877", Ripper, J.
- ↑ "New Worlds for All: Indians, Europeans, and the Remaking of Early America", Calloway, Colin G.
- ↑ "The House: The History of the House of Represantitives", Google Books.
- ↑ "Transatlantic Slave Trade", UNESCO.
- ↑ "The Revolutionary Era: Documents on Events from 1776 to 1800", Google Books.